Tugas PKN pertemuan 6

1. Sebutkan Pasal berapa di UUD 1945 yang membicarakan tentang Pendidikan 
2. Sebutkan Undang-Undang Nomor berapa yang mengatur tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional.
3. Sebutkan bunyi Pasal 1 ayat (1) UUD 1945
4. Sistem pengetahuan ilmiah itu bertingkat-tingkat menurut Ir. Poedjowijatno dalam bukunya "Tahu dan Pengetahuan" Sebutkan apa saja.
5. Hakikat sila Keadilan Sosial Bagi Seluruh Rakyat Indonesia, mengandung pengertian apa saja? jelaskan
6. Hukum Dasar dapat dibedakan atas dua. Sebutkan apa saja.
7. Sebutkan apa saja isi dari pada tiga tuntutan rakyat (tritura).
8. Jelaskan tentang Kekuasaan Legislatif, Eksekutif dan Yudikatif dan diatur dalam Pasal berapa di UUD 1945?
9. Pembukaan UUD 1945 terdiri dari berapa alinea dan pada alinea keberapa yang memuat dasar Dasar Negara. Sebutkan.
10. Sebutkan apa saja keberhasilan Reformasi dan sebutkan Tanggal, Bulan dan Tahun Bangsa Indonesia memasuki Era Reformasi tsb.

English Seventh Meeting "SAN ANDREAS FAULT"

The San Andreas Fault line is a fracture at the congruence of two major plates of the Earth’s crust, one of which support most of the North American continent, and the other of which underlies the coast of California and part of the ocean floor of the Pacific Ocean. The fault originates about six hundred miles south of the Gulf of California, runs north in an irregular line along the western coast to San Francisco, and continues north for about two hundred more miles before angling off into the ocean. In places, the trace of the fault is marked by a trench, or, in geological terms, a rift, and a small ponds dot the landscape. Its western side always move north in relation to its eastern side. The total net slip along the San Andreas Fault and the length of time it has been active are matters of conjecture, but it has been estimated that, during the past fifteen million years, coastal California along the San Andreas Fault has moved about 190 miles in a northwesterly direction with respect to the North American plate. Although the movement along the fault averages only a few inches a year, it is intermittent and variable. Some segments of the fault do not have move at all for long periods of time, building up tremendous pressure that must be released

Garis Patahan San Andreas adalah fraktur pada harmoni dua piring besar kerak bumi, salah satu yang mendukung sebagian besar benua Amerika Utara, dan yang lain yang mendasari pantai California dan bagian dari dasar laut dari Samudera Pasifik. patahan berasal sekitar enam ratus mil selatan Teluk California, membentang Utara di garis yang tidak teratur sepanjang pantai barat menuju San Francisco, dan terus ke utara untuk sekitar dua ratus mil lain sebelum Memancing off ke laut. Di tempat, jejak patahan ditandai oleh sebuah parit, atau, secara geologi, celah, dan kolam kecil dot pemandangannya. Sisi barat selalu bergerak Utara dalam kaitannya dengan sisi timur. Total bersih menyelipkan sepanjang Patahan San Andreas dan jangka waktu yang telah aktif Canopus meninggal di sini, tetapi diperkirakan bahwa, selama lima belas juta tahun, pantai California sepanjang Patahan San Andreas pindah sekitar 190 kilometer arah barat laut sehubungan dengan Lempeng Amerika Utara. Meskipun gerakan sepanjang Patahan rata-rata hanya beberapa inci per tahun, hal ini intermiten dan variabel. Beberapa segmen kesalahan tidak bergerak sama sekali untuk lama waktu, membangun tekanan luar biasa yang akan dilepaskan

For this reason, tremors are not unusual along the San Andreas Fault, some of which are classified as major earthquakes. Also for this reason, small tremors are interpreted as safe, since they are understood to be pressure that releases without causing much damage.
  It is worth nothing that the San Andreas Fault passes uncomfortably close to several major metropolitan areas, including Los Angeles and San Francisco. In addition, the San Andreas Fault  has created smaller fault systems, many of which underlie the smaller towns and cities along the  California coast. For this reason, Californians have long anticipated the recurrence of what they refer to as the “Big One,” a chain reaction of destructive earthquakes that would measure near 8 on the Richter scale, similar in intensity to those that occurred in 1857 and 1906. Such a quake would wreak devastating effects on the life and property in the region. Unfortunately, as pressure continues to build along the fault, the likelihood of such an earthquake increases substantially.

Untuk alasan ini, getaran tidak biasa sepanjang Patahan San Andreas, beberapa di antaranya diklasifikasikan sebagai gempa bumi besar. Juga untuk alasan ini, getaran kecil ditafsirkan sebagai aman, karena mereka mengerti menjadi tekanan yang melepaskan tanpa menyebabkan banyak kerusakan.
It's worth apa-apa yang Patahan San Andreas melewati nyaman dekat dengan beberapa daerah metropolitan utama, termasuk Los Angeles dan San Francisco. Selain itu, Patahan San Andreas telah dibuat lebih kecil kesalahan sistem, banyak yang mendasari kota-kota kecil dan kota-kota pesisir California. Untuk alasan ini, California memiliki panjang diantisipasi pengulangan dari apa yang mereka sebut sebagai "Big One," reaksi berantai dari gempa bumi yang merusak yang akan mengukur dekat 8 skala Richter, mirip dengan intensitas yang terjadi pada tahun 1857 dan 1906. Sebuah gempa akan mendatangkan pengaruh yang sangat buruk pada kehidupan dan properti di daerah. Sayangnya, sebagai tekanan terus membangun sepanjang kesalahan, kemungkinan seperti gempa meningkat secara substansial.

1. What is the author’s main purpose in the passage?
  A.    To describe the San Andreas Fault
  B.  To give a definition of a fault
  C.  To explain the reason for tremors and earthquakes
  D.  To classify different kinds of faults
 

2.How does the author define the San Andreas Fault?
  A.  A plate that underlies the North American continent
  B.  A crack in the Earth’s crush between two plates.
  C.  Occasional tremors and earthquakes
  D.  Intense pressure that builds up
 

3.The word originates in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by
  A.    gets wider                   C.  begins
  B.  changes direction        D.  disappears
 

4. In which direction does the western side of the fault move?
  A.  West       B. East    C.  North    D.  South
 

5.The word it in the paragraph 1 refers to   
  A.    San Francisco    B. ocean  C.  coast  D.  fault
 

6.The word intermittent in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by which one of the following?
  A.  dangerous        C.  uncommon
  B.  predictable        D.  occasional
 

7.Along the San Andreas Fault, tremors are
  A.    small and insignificant    C.  frequent events
  B.  rare, but disastrous           D.  very unpredictable
 

8.The phrase “the Big One” refers to which of the following?
  A.  A serious earthquake    C.  The river scale
  B.  The San Andreas Fault    D.  California
 

9.Which of the following words best describes the San Andreas Fault?
  A.    Straight    B.  Deep    C.  Wide    D.  Rough



by: Cindy Mujiaswati/1233473132/SK/CCIT

English Sixth meeting "WEBSTER'S DICTIONARY"

 Few men have influenced the development of American English to the extent that Noah Webster did. Born in West Hartford, Connecticut, in 1758, Webster graduated from Yale in 1778. He was admitted to the bar in 1781 and thereafter began to practice law in Harford. Later, when he turned to teaching, he discovered how inadequate the available schoolbooks were for the children of a new and independent nation. In response to the need for truly American textbooks, Webster published A Grammatical Institute of the English Language, a three-volume work that consisted of speller, a grammar, and a reader. The first volume, which was generally known as The American Spelling Book, was so popular that eventually it sold more than 80 million copies and provided him with a considerable income for the rest of life. While teaching, Webster began work on the Compendious Dictionary of the English Language, which was published in 1806, and was also very successful.
 In 1807, Noah Webster began his greatest work,      An American Dictionary of the English Language.                In preparing the manuscript, he devoted ten years               to the study of English and its relationship to other languages,  and  seven  more  years   to   the  writing   itself.

Beberapa orang telah mempengaruhi perkembangan bahasa Inggris Amerika itulah yang Noah Webster lakukan. Lahir di West Hartford, Connecticut, tahun 1758, Webster lulus dari Yale tahun 1778. Ia mengakui ke bar tahun 1781 dan kemudian mulai praktek hukum di Harford. Kemudian, ketika ia beralih ke pengajaran, ia menemukan bagaimana tidak memadai buku sekolah-tersedia untuk anak-anak bangsa yang baru dan independen. Dalam menanggapi kebutuhan untuk buku yang benar-benar Amerika, Webster menerbitkan A Institute tata bahasa dari bahasa Inggris, tiga volume pekerjaan yang terdiri dari peserta, tata bahasa, dan pembaca. Volume pertama, yang umumnya dikenal sebagai buku ejaan Amerika, adalah begitu populer bahwa akhirnya terjual lebih dari 80 juta kopi dan memberikan kepadanya dengan pendapatan yang cukup besar untuk sisa hidup. Sambil mengajar, Webster mulai bekerja pada ringkas Kamus bahasa Inggris, yang diterbitkan pada tahun 1806, dan juga sangat berhasil.
Tahun 1807, Noah Webster mulai karya terbesarnya, American Kamus bahasa Inggris. Dalam mempersiapkan naskah, ia mengabdikan sepuluh tahun untuk mempelajari bahasa Inggris dan hubungannya dengan bahasa lain, dan tujuh tahun untuk menulis itu sendiri.

Published in two volumes in 1828, An American Dictionary of the English Language has become the recognized authority for usage in the United States. Webster’s purpose in writing it was to demonstrate that the American language was developing distinct meanings, pronounciation, and spellings from those of British English. He is responsible for advancing simplified spelling forms : develop instead of develope; plow instead of plough; jail instead of gaol; theater and center instead of theatre and centre; color and honor instead of colour and honour.
 Webster was the first author to gain copyright protection in the United States by being awarded a copyright for his American Speller. He continued, for the next fifty years, to lobby for improvements in the protection of intellectual properties, that is, author‘s rights. In 1840 Webster brought out a second edition of his dictionary, which included 70.000 entries instead of the original 38.000. The name Webster has become synonymous with American dictionaries. This edition served as the basis for the many revisions that  have been produced by others, ironically, under the uncopyrighted Webster name.

Diterbitkan dalam dua volume pada tahun 1828, American Kamus bahasa Inggris telah menjadi otoritas yang diakui untuk penggunaan di Amerika Serikat. Webster's tujuan dalam menulis itu adalah untuk menunjukkan bahwa bahasa Amerika adalah mengembangkan memiliki makna, pengucapan dan ejaan dari orang-orang Inggris. Ia bertanggung jawab untuk memajukan disederhanakan ejaan bentuk: mengembangkan bukan mengembangkan; membajak bukan plough; penjara daripada gaol; teater dan pusat teater dan pusat; warna dan kehormatan bukan warna dan kehormatan.
Webster adalah penulis pertama untuk mendapatkan perlindungan hak cipta di Amerika Serikat oleh dianugerahi hak cipta untuk Speller nya Amerika. Ia melanjutkan, selama lima puluh tahun berikutnya, lobi untuk peningkatan perlindungan properti intelektual, hak-hak penulis. Pada 1840 Webster mengeluarkan edisi kedua dari kamus, yang termasuk 70.000 entri bukan 38.000 asli. Nama Webster telah menjadi identik dengan kamus Amerika. Edisi ini menjabat sebagai dasar bagi revisi yang banyak yang telah dihasilkan oleh orang lain, ironisnya, di bawah nama Webster uncopyrighted.



  1. The word inadequate in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by
     A.  unavailable     B.  expensive  C.  difficult  D.  unsatisfactory 

  2. Why did Webster write A Grammatical Institutes of the
     English Language?
     A.     He wanted to supplement his income.
     B.     There were no books available after the Revolutionary War.
     C.     He felt that British books were not appropriate for     
   American children.
     D.     The children did not know how to spell. 

 3. From which publication did Webster earn a lifetime income?
  A.      Compendious Dictionary of the English Language
  B.      An American Dictionary of the English Language
  C.      An American Dictionary of the English Language:
  Second Edition
  D.      The American Spelling Book  

4.The word considerable in paragraph 1 most nearly means
  A.    large     B.  prestigious    C.  steady    D.  unexpected

5. When was An American Dictionary of the English
   Language published?
   A.  1817        B.  1807        C.  1828        D.  1824

6. The word it in the paragraph 2 refers to  
   A.     language    B.  usage    C.  authority        D.  Dictionary
 

7.The word distinct in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to
   A.   new               B.  simple    C.  different        D.  Exact
 

8.According to this passage, which one of the following
   spellings would Webster have approved in his dictionaries?
   A.  Develope    B.  Theatre           C.  Color           D.  Honour
 

9.Which of the following would the best title for the passage?
   A.  Webster’s Work               C.  Webster’s School
   B.  Webster’s Dictionary           D.  Webster’s Life


by: Cindy Mujiaswati/1233473132/SK/CCIT

English fifth meeting "HORSE

HORSE

The development of the horse has been recorded from the beginning through all of its evolutionary stages to the modern form. It is, in fact, one of the most complete and well-documented chapters of paleontological history. Fossil finds provide us not only with detailed information about the horse itself but also with valuable insights into the migration of herds, and even evidence for speculation about the climatic conditions that could have instigated such migratory behavior.

Perkembangan kuda telah dicatat dari awal melalui semua tahapan evolusi hingga ke bentuk modern. Hal ini, pada kenyataannya, salah satu bab yang paling lengkap dan terdokumentasi dengan baik sejarah paleontologi. Menemukan fosil memberikan kita tidak hanya dengan informasi rinci tentang kuda itu sendiri, tetapi juga dengan wawasan berharga mengenai migrasi dari kawanan, dan bahkan bukti untuk spekulasi tentang kondisi iklim yang bisa dihasut perilaku migrasi.

Geologists believe that the first horses appeared on Earth about sixty million years ago as compared with two million years ago for the appearance of human beings. There is evidence of early horses on both the American and European continents, but it has been documented that, almost twelve million years ago at the beginning of the Pliocene Age, a horse about midway through its evolutionary development crossed a land bridge where the Bering Strait is now located, from Alaska into the grasslands of Asia, and traveled all the way to Europe. 

Para pakar geologi yakin bahwa kuda pertama muncul di bumi sekitar enam juta tahun lalu dibandingkan dengan dua juta tahun yang lalu dalam kemunculan manusia. Ada bukti awal kuda di benua Amerika dan Eropa, tetapi telah didokumentasikan, hampir dua belas juta tahun yang lalu pada permulaan era Pliosen, kuda tentang midway melalui perkembangan evolusioner menyeberangi jembatan darat mana Selat Bering kini terletak, dari Alaska ke padang rumput Asia, dan melakukan perjalanan sepanjang jalan ke Eropa.

This early horse was a hipparion, about the size of a modern-day pony with three toes and specialized cheek teeth for grazing. In Europe, the hipparion encountered another less advanced horse called the anchitheres, which had previously invaded Europe by the same route, probably during the Miocene Period. Less developed and smaller than the hipparion, the anchittheres was eventually completely replaced by it.

 

Kuda pertama adalah hipparion, ukurannya seperti kuda poni dengan tiga jari-jari kaki dan gigi yang khusus untuk memakan rumput. Di Eropa, hipparion menemui kuda kurang maju lain yang disebut anchitheres, yang telah sebelumnya menuju Eropa oleh rute yang sama, mungkin selama periode Miosen. Kurang berkembang dan lebih kecil dari hipparion, anchittheres akhirnya diganti oleh itu.

By the end of the Pleistocene Age both the anchitheres and the hipparion had become extinct in North America, where they had originated, as fossil evidence clearly indicates. In Europe, they evolve into the larger and stronger animal that is very similar to the horse as we know it today. For many years, the horse was probably hunted for food by early tribes of human beings. Then the qualities of the horse that would have made it a good servant were noted – mainly its strength and speed. It was time for the horse to be tamed, used as a draft animal at the dawning of agriculture, and than ridden as the need for transportation increased. It was the descendant of this domesticated horse that was brought back to the Americas by European colonists

Pada zaman Pleistosen akhir anchitheres dan hipparion telah menjadi punah di Amerika Utara, di mana mereka berasal, sebagai bukti fosil jelas menunjukkan. Di Eropa, mereka berevolusi menjadi lebih besar dan lebih kuat hewan yang sangat mirip dengan kuda seperti yang kita kenal sekarang. Selama bertahun-tahun, kuda mungkin diburu untuk makanan oleh suku-suku awal manusia. Kemudian kualitas kuda yang akan berhasil baik hamba dicatat-terutama kekuatan dan kecepatan. Sudah waktunya untuk kuda untuk dijinakkan, digunakan sebagai hewan rancangan pada fajar pertanian, dan daripada naik sebagai kebutuhan transportasi yang meningkat. Itu adalah keturunan ini dijinakkan kuda yang dibawa kembali ke Amerika oleh para koloni Eropa

1. What is this passage mainly about?  

A.  The evolution of the horse

B.  The migration of horses

C.  The modern-day pony 

D. The replacement of the anchitheres by the hipparion

2. According to the author, fossils are considered valuable for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A.  they suggest how the climate may have been 

B.  they provide information about migration

C.  they document the evolution of the horse

D. they maintain a record of life prior to the Miocene Age

3. The word instigated in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by

A. explained   C.  improved

B.   caused D.  influenced

4. What does the author mean by the statement Geologists believe that the first horses appeared on Earth about sixty million years ago as compared with two million years ago for the appearance of human beings?

A. Horses appeared long before human beings according to  

           the theories of geologists.

B. Both horses and human beings appeared several million years ago, if we believe geologists.

C.  The geological records for the appearance of horses

           and human beings are not very accurate. 

D. Horses and human beings cannot be compared by geologists because they appeared too long ago.

 

 5. Which of the following conclusions may be made on the basis of information in the passage? 

A. The hipparions migrated to Europe to feed in developing 

           grasslands.

B. There are no fossil remains of either the anchitheres   or the hipparion.

C. There were horses in North America when the first European colonists arrived.

D. Very little is known about the evolution of the horse.

 

6. According to this passage, the hipparion were

A.  five-toed animals  

B.  not as highly develop as anchiteres

C.  larger than the anchiteres

D.  About the size of a small dog

7. The word it in paragraph 2 refer to

A.   anchiteres C.   Miocene Period

B.   hipparion D.   Route

8. The word extinct in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to

A.   familiar   C.  nonexistent

B.   Widespread D.  tame

9. It can be concluded from this passage that the 

A. Miocene Period was prior to the Pleistocene

B.  Pleistocene Period was prior to the Miocene 

C.  Pleistocene Period was prior to the Pliocene 

D.  Pliocene Period was prior to Miocene

English Third meeting "OCEANOGRAPHY"

Third meeting

OCEANOGRAPHY 

 Oceanography (compound of the Greek words ωκεανός meaning "ocean" and γράφω meaning "to write"), also called oceanology or marine science, is the branch of Earth science that studies the ocean. It covers (mencakup) a wide range of topics, including marine (laut) organisms and ecosystem dynamics; ocean currents (arus) , waves, and geophysical fluid dynamics; plate (lempeng) tectonics and the geology of the sea floor (dasar); and fluxes (flows) of various chemical substances and physical properties (sifat) within the ocean and across its boundaries. These diverse topics reflect multiple disciplines that oceanographers blend to further knowledge of the world ocean and understanding of processes within it: biology, chemistry, geology, meteorology, and physics.

English second meeting "SUNSPOT"

Second meeting

SUNSPOT

       According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms or eruptions on the surface of the sun hurl streams of solar particles into space and eventually into the atmosphere of our planet, causing shifts in the weather on the Earth and interference with radio and television communications.

       A typical sunspot consists of a dark central umbra, a word derived from the Latin word for shadow, which is surrounded by a lighter penumbra of light and dark threads extending out from the center like the spokes of a wheel. Actually the sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their apparently darker color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot umbra is about 4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granules outside in the spot are 6000 K.

            Sunspots range in size from tiny granules to complex structures  with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that they can be seen from Earth without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years.

English first meeting "OPERA"

 First meeting

OPERA

     Although stage plays has been set to music since the era of the ancient Greeks, when the dramas of Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by lyres and flutes, the usual accepted date for the beginning of opera as we know it is 1600. As a part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of France to the Italian aristocrat Maria De Medici, the Florentine composer Jacopo Peri produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the first opera. Following his example, a group of Italian musicians, poets, and noblemen called the Camerata began to revive the style of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy. The Camerata took most of the plots for their operas from Greek and Roman history and mythology, beginning the process of creating an opera by writing a libretto or drama that could be used to establish the framework to the music. They called their compositions opera in musical or musical works. It is from this phrase that the word “opera” was borrowed and abbreviated.

   For several years, the center of opera was Florence in Northern Italy, but gradually, during the Baroque period, it spread throughout Italy. By the late 1600s, operas were  being written and performed in many places throughout Europe,    especially   in    England,    France,   and    Germany.

    However, for many years, the Italian opera was considered the ideal, and many non-Italian composers continued to use Italian librettos. The European form deemphasized the dramatic aspect of the Italian model. New orchestral effects and even ballet were introduced under the guise of opera. Composers gave in to the demands of singers, writing many operas that were little more than a succession of brilliant tricks for the voice, designed to showcase the splendid voices of the singer who had requested them. It was thus that complicated arias, recitative, and duets evolved. The aria, which is a long solo, may be compared to a song in which the characters express their thoughts and feelings. The recitative, which is also a solo of sorts, is a recitation set to music, the purpose of which is to continue the story line. The duet is a musical piece written for two voices, a musical device than may serve the function of either an aria or a recitative within the opera.

TRANSLATE

       Meskipun permainan panggung telah diperlengkapi dengan musik sejak era Yunani kuno, ketika drama Aeschylus Sophocles dan disertai dengan kecapi dan seruling, opera ini dikenal pada awal 1600-an. Sebagai bagian dari perayaan perkawinan Raja Henry IV dari Perancis dengan bangsawan Italia Maria De Medici, komposer Jacopo Peri mengeluarkan karyanya yang terkenal Euridice, yang dianggap sebagai opera pertama. Mengikuti teladannya, sekelompok musisi Italia, penyair, dan bangsawan disebut Camerata mulai menghidupkan kembali gaya musik cerita yang telah digunakan dalam tragedi Yunani. Camerata mengambil sebagian besar plot untuk opera mereka dari sejarah dan mitos Yunani dan Romawi, mulai dari proses penciptaan sebuah opera dengan menulis sebuah libretto atau drama yang dapat digunakan untuk membangun kerangka musik. Mereka menyebut komposisi mereka opera musik atau karya-karya musik opera. Ini diambil dari singkatan kata "opera".

     Selama beberapa tahun, pusat opera adalah Florence di Italia Utara, namun secara bertahap, selama periode Baroque, menyebar ke seluruh Italia. Pada 1600-an, opera sedang ditulis dan dimainkan di banyak tempat di seluruh Eropa, terutama di Inggris, Perancis, dan Jerman.

        Namun, selama bertahun-tahun, opera Italia dianggap ideal, dan banyak komposer non-Italia terus menggunakan librettos/drama Italia. Bentuk Eropa agak berkurang penekanannya dalam hal aspek dramatis model Italia. Efek-efek orkestra baru dan bahkan balet diperkenalkan dengan gaya berpakaian opera. Komposer menyerahkan pada tuntutan penyanyi, menulis banyak opera yang sedikit lebih dari rangkaian trik-trik suara yang brilian, dirancang untuk menampilkan suara-suara indah penyanyi yang memintanya. Demikian itu melodi yang rumit, seperti rap, dan duet berkembang. Melodi, yang merupakan solo panjang, bisa dibandingkan dengan sebuah lagu di mana karakter mengungkapkan pikiran dan perasaan mereka. Pengulangan kata-kata dan nyanyian, yang juga merupakan jenis solo, adalah suatu cerita (seperti rap) untuk mengatur musik, yang tujuannya adalah melanjutkan alur cerita. Duet adalah karya musik yang ditulis untuk dua suara, sebuah alat musik dari pada melayani fungsi baik  melodi atau kata-kata dan   nyanyian dalam opera.

1.  According to this passage, when did modern   

     opera begin?

     A.  In the time of the ancient Greeks

     B.  In the fifteenth century

     C.  At the beginning of the sixteenth century

     D.  At the beginning of the seventeenth century

 2.  The word it in paragraph 1 refers to

     A.opera    B.  date           C.  era            D.  music

 3. According to the author, what did Jacopo Peri write?

      A.  Greek tragedy                 

      B.  The first opera        

      C.  The opera Maria de Medici

      D.  The opera The Camerata

4.  The author suggests that Euridice was produced

      A.  in France

      B.  originally by Sopocles and Aeschylus

      C.  without much success

      D.  for the wedding of King Henry IV

5.   What was The Camerata?

     A.  A group of Greek musicians

     B.  Musicians who developed a new musical drama based 

        upon Greek drama

     C.  A style of music not known in Italy

     D.  The name given to the court of King Henry IV

 6.  The word revive in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by

      A.Appreciate                   C.  modify

      B.  Resume                     D.  investigasi

  7. The word plots in paragraph 1 is closet in meaning to

      A.  locations  B.  instruments  C.  stories     D.  inspiration

  8. From what did the term “opera” derive?

      A.  Greek and Roman history and mythology

      B.  non-Italian composers

      C.  The Italian phrase that means “musical works”

      D.  The ideas of composer Jacopo Peri.

  9. This passage is a summary of

      A.opera in Italy                           C.  the development of opera

      B. the Camerata             D.  Euridice

by: Cindy Mujiaswati/1233473132/SK/CCIT