English first meeting "OPERA"

 First meeting

OPERA

     Although stage plays has been set to music since the era of the ancient Greeks, when the dramas of Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by lyres and flutes, the usual accepted date for the beginning of opera as we know it is 1600. As a part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of France to the Italian aristocrat Maria De Medici, the Florentine composer Jacopo Peri produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the first opera. Following his example, a group of Italian musicians, poets, and noblemen called the Camerata began to revive the style of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy. The Camerata took most of the plots for their operas from Greek and Roman history and mythology, beginning the process of creating an opera by writing a libretto or drama that could be used to establish the framework to the music. They called their compositions opera in musical or musical works. It is from this phrase that the word “opera” was borrowed and abbreviated.

   For several years, the center of opera was Florence in Northern Italy, but gradually, during the Baroque period, it spread throughout Italy. By the late 1600s, operas were  being written and performed in many places throughout Europe,    especially   in    England,    France,   and    Germany.

    However, for many years, the Italian opera was considered the ideal, and many non-Italian composers continued to use Italian librettos. The European form deemphasized the dramatic aspect of the Italian model. New orchestral effects and even ballet were introduced under the guise of opera. Composers gave in to the demands of singers, writing many operas that were little more than a succession of brilliant tricks for the voice, designed to showcase the splendid voices of the singer who had requested them. It was thus that complicated arias, recitative, and duets evolved. The aria, which is a long solo, may be compared to a song in which the characters express their thoughts and feelings. The recitative, which is also a solo of sorts, is a recitation set to music, the purpose of which is to continue the story line. The duet is a musical piece written for two voices, a musical device than may serve the function of either an aria or a recitative within the opera.

TRANSLATE

       Meskipun permainan panggung telah diperlengkapi dengan musik sejak era Yunani kuno, ketika drama Aeschylus Sophocles dan disertai dengan kecapi dan seruling, opera ini dikenal pada awal 1600-an. Sebagai bagian dari perayaan perkawinan Raja Henry IV dari Perancis dengan bangsawan Italia Maria De Medici, komposer Jacopo Peri mengeluarkan karyanya yang terkenal Euridice, yang dianggap sebagai opera pertama. Mengikuti teladannya, sekelompok musisi Italia, penyair, dan bangsawan disebut Camerata mulai menghidupkan kembali gaya musik cerita yang telah digunakan dalam tragedi Yunani. Camerata mengambil sebagian besar plot untuk opera mereka dari sejarah dan mitos Yunani dan Romawi, mulai dari proses penciptaan sebuah opera dengan menulis sebuah libretto atau drama yang dapat digunakan untuk membangun kerangka musik. Mereka menyebut komposisi mereka opera musik atau karya-karya musik opera. Ini diambil dari singkatan kata "opera".

     Selama beberapa tahun, pusat opera adalah Florence di Italia Utara, namun secara bertahap, selama periode Baroque, menyebar ke seluruh Italia. Pada 1600-an, opera sedang ditulis dan dimainkan di banyak tempat di seluruh Eropa, terutama di Inggris, Perancis, dan Jerman.

        Namun, selama bertahun-tahun, opera Italia dianggap ideal, dan banyak komposer non-Italia terus menggunakan librettos/drama Italia. Bentuk Eropa agak berkurang penekanannya dalam hal aspek dramatis model Italia. Efek-efek orkestra baru dan bahkan balet diperkenalkan dengan gaya berpakaian opera. Komposer menyerahkan pada tuntutan penyanyi, menulis banyak opera yang sedikit lebih dari rangkaian trik-trik suara yang brilian, dirancang untuk menampilkan suara-suara indah penyanyi yang memintanya. Demikian itu melodi yang rumit, seperti rap, dan duet berkembang. Melodi, yang merupakan solo panjang, bisa dibandingkan dengan sebuah lagu di mana karakter mengungkapkan pikiran dan perasaan mereka. Pengulangan kata-kata dan nyanyian, yang juga merupakan jenis solo, adalah suatu cerita (seperti rap) untuk mengatur musik, yang tujuannya adalah melanjutkan alur cerita. Duet adalah karya musik yang ditulis untuk dua suara, sebuah alat musik dari pada melayani fungsi baik  melodi atau kata-kata dan   nyanyian dalam opera.

1.  According to this passage, when did modern   

     opera begin?

     A.  In the time of the ancient Greeks

     B.  In the fifteenth century

     C.  At the beginning of the sixteenth century

     D.  At the beginning of the seventeenth century

 2.  The word it in paragraph 1 refers to

     A.opera    B.  date           C.  era            D.  music

 3. According to the author, what did Jacopo Peri write?

      A.  Greek tragedy                 

      B.  The first opera        

      C.  The opera Maria de Medici

      D.  The opera The Camerata

4.  The author suggests that Euridice was produced

      A.  in France

      B.  originally by Sopocles and Aeschylus

      C.  without much success

      D.  for the wedding of King Henry IV

5.   What was The Camerata?

     A.  A group of Greek musicians

     B.  Musicians who developed a new musical drama based 

        upon Greek drama

     C.  A style of music not known in Italy

     D.  The name given to the court of King Henry IV

 6.  The word revive in paragraph 1 could best be replaced by

      A.Appreciate                   C.  modify

      B.  Resume                     D.  investigasi

  7. The word plots in paragraph 1 is closet in meaning to

      A.  locations  B.  instruments  C.  stories     D.  inspiration

  8. From what did the term “opera” derive?

      A.  Greek and Roman history and mythology

      B.  non-Italian composers

      C.  The Italian phrase that means “musical works”

      D.  The ideas of composer Jacopo Peri.

  9. This passage is a summary of

      A.opera in Italy                           C.  the development of opera

      B. the Camerata             D.  Euridice

by: Cindy Mujiaswati/1233473132/SK/CCIT